Scale Drawings of House Plans

Working drawings contain all plans, elevations (both exterior and interior views), sections, scale details and full size details necessary for the adequate construction of a home. The scale drawings of a structure are those which show the general layout of the entire building, locating the various features of the layout, showing their relation to each other and giving the needed dimensions required to accurately complete the construction.

The scale drawings of the architectural designer or architect in a certain way, resemble the assembly drawings of the machine designer. The characteristic of the designers scale drawings are that it deals with in general conditions of the home and clarifies them by symbols rather than to showing each feature exactly as it would look in real life.

\"home Design\"

To give an example, a fireplace is shown on a scale drawing by dimensioning to its center line on the plan. Then on the detailed drawings, everything is thoroughly shown and completely dimensioned. So in other words a scale drawing is merely an general representation while the more accurate description is left for the detail sheet.

To determine a scale, the first thing to be decided on the scale drawings is the scale that they will be drawn at. This is determined by the size of the building and the degree we want to go into detail.

The average residential drawing is drawn at a scale of 1/4" = 1'- 0" (one quarter inch equals one foot and zero inches), while a very large house must be drawn at a scale of 1/8" = 1' - 0" (one eight inch equals one foot and zero inches). The size of the sheet is often determined by the scale of the drawing.

Scale Drawings of House Plans

My name is Tim Davis and I draw architectural and mechanical plans for a living at http://customhouseplans.8m.com. I also teach others how to draw house plans, site plans, mechanical and shop drawings and other types of drafting that I have been trained to do in a virtual classroom on the internet at http://draftingservice.us/school/index.php.

5 Decorating Ideas for Small Kitchens

Having a small kitchen can be painful. It seems difficult enough just to function in such a small space, and decorating it nicely can feel like an impossibility. Have hope though, there are several excellent ways to decorate tiny kitchens. Here are five ideas to get you started:

1. New cabinet knobs and handles - Changing your cabinet knobs or handles can make a world of difference in how your kitchen looks or feels. There are a variety of themed kitchen cabinet knobs such as those shown here: [http://www.stylishfinds.com/decor/5/cute-kitchen-cabinet-knobs/] - or you can go with traditional shapes, colors and styles instead.

Decorative

2. Throw rugs - Throw and area rugs don't have to be large. In fact you'll find many small ones designed specifically for use in the kitchen or bathroom. Put a nice weaved rug on the floor in front of your kitchen sink or stove for instance, and you'll create a cozy decorative touch to the kitchen without sacraficing limited space.

3. Towels and hot pads - This may seem obvious to some of you, but many overlook this simple and easy decorative accent. Buy pretty towels with designs, patterns, or just colors to accent and compliment your kitchen decorating theme. Towels can easily hang on cabinet doors, stove or refrigerator handles. Round out the added decorative touch with hot pads, gloves, and divets that compliment or match the towels. Hot pads and divets can be easily hung on the wall, allowing for more decorative flair without getting in the way.

4. Stenciled designs on cabinets - This is a little used yet excellent decorating technique for tiny kitchens. Paint stenciled designs on the front of your cabinet doors. Stenciled designs can be simple little flourishes in the corners, or large budding flowers right in the middle of the cabinet door. They can also be general shapes or other objects that fit in with your personal decorating style.

5. Ceiling fan or small chandelier - A ceiling fan or small kitchen chandelier will do wonders to improve the decor of your kitchen without taking up much needed working space. Since the room is small to begin with though, be sure to go with small chandeliers or fans so the room won't be overwhelmed. You'll find hundreds of excellent chandeliers here:

http://lamps.diyhomedecorating.com/Chandeliers/

5 Decorating Ideas for Small Kitchens

©2006, Kathy Burns-Millyard. Kathy is a professional published freelance writer and commercial stock photographer living in Southeast New Mexico USA. Visit ElectronicPerceptions.com to see some of her latest photography, and to read more of her excellent content too.

Make Christmas Tree Napkins, Name Tags, And Ornaments Whether You Sew Or Not!

They Are Quick, Easy And Fun Gifts For Young And Old To Make For Family And Friends.

The trick is in the folding to make the napkin look like a Christmas Tree.

Decorative

Let the kids cut some out of paper and decorate their own.

Use them as name tags, decorations, Christmas Tree ornaments and napkins, of course.

Napkins can be either single or double layer of fabric. They can be any size you want them to be. The example I am using here is a 14-1/2"

Use some pretty Christmas prints or some unusual decorative fabrics.

One year, I used a lacey fabric and rolled the edges with a gold metallic thread. Then, I hung them on my tree. It really looked pretty.

You really don't have to sew these napkins if you don't want to. You can use decorative edge craft scissors to cut the fabric and not finish it with sewing at all.

You can even use paper napkins if you like. Have fun with this idea.

Less than a yard of 45" wide fabric makes 6 napkins single layer or 3 double layer.
1-5/8 yards makes a dozen single layer napkins.

Preshrink all fabrics.

I also like to spray starch my fabric before I cut and serge or satin stitch the edges of my napkins.

Cut Napkins into 14-1/2" circles.

To make a paper pattern, draw a circle 14-1/2" in diameter.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Here is how to make a compass to draw your pattern.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Tie a string or ribbon to a pencil.

Measure the string back from the pencil 7-1/4".

Put a pin in the string/ribbon at that point.
(7-1/4" is the radius or 1/2 of the diameter of the 14-1/2" circle.)

This is your compass to help you draw your circle.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Here is how to draw your pattern.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Place some tracing paper down and put the pin in the center.

Now, extending the string, and using the pencil, draw a circle out all around the pin 7-/4"away.
This creates a 14-1/2" circle for your napkin pattern.

Label it and keep it for future napkins.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Single Layer Napkins

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Serge finish with the right side up on your serger.

I like to use the rolled edge finish on most of my napkins. It depends on the fabric.

Feed the circle of fabric to the knife slowly letting the knife shave off a little of the fabric.

Slightly overlap the beginning stitches about 2 inches.

Seal the end with "Fray Check". Let dry. Trim off the thread tails.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Double Layer Napkins

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Place 2 circles wrong sides together.

Make sure one circle's straight grain matches the other circle's bias grain.

This will minimize flared edges.

You can also apply slight differential feed to eliminate flared edges.

Or you might want to baste the two layers together to help hold them while you finish the edges.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Serge Finish Edges With A Serger

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

A rolled edge works well on light to medium weight single layer napkins.

A rolled edge may not work on the double layer fabrics or heavier fabrics. Test it first.

Try using a narrow satin balanced stitch instead.

Note: If you get the "Pokies", try wrapping the napkin bias edges in Solvy (a water soluble stabilizer) and then serge. Wash the Solvy away when finished.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Conventional Machine Satin Stitch Finish

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

If you don't have a serger, you can use your conventional sewing machine.

Finish the edges with a satin stitch sewing in from the edge using a stabilizer such as water soluble Solvy.

You may want to spray starch the napkins again before stitching. It might help.

You can apply "Fray Check" to the outside of the stitching when you are finished to seal the edges.

Let it dry and then trim off any excess fabric.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Fold and press the napkin into a Christmas Tree Shape.

Here are the folding instructions.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

1. Fold the napkin in half and press well. We will call this fold the center fold.

2. Fold again into quarters and press lightly. This is a temporary crease that we will use as a guide to establish the fold we actually want.

3. Open back up to the 1/2 fold again and measure 1-1/4" above the temporary quarter foldline.

4. Fold the napkin "back" along the 1-1/4" new line (the one above the quarter fold) and press well. We will call this fold, Fold A.

5. Now you have a fold at the top, (Fold A) and the lower part of the center fold to your right.

6. The upper part of the center fold that you just turned down, we will call Fold B.

7. Take the top Fold A and bring it over to meet the center fold edge to your right and press in place.

8. Now bring the upper portion of the original center fold (Fold B) over on top of Fold A and to the lower portion of the center fold edge and press again.

Voila! There you have a Christmas Tree.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Decorate your trees

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Add a bow, jingle bell, decorative Christmas button or whatever at the top of the tree if desired.

Embroider each family member's name on his/her napkin.

Use decorative stitches, paint or decorate your tree napkins any way you like.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

More Ideas For Smaller Trees

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Consider making smaller circles into trees, add a ribbon loop at the top and use them to decorate packages or to hang on your Christmas Tree as ornaments.

Use up lots of that stash! It is easy!

Or, how about letting the kids cut some circles from paper napkins and have them decorate their trees with crayons, stickers like stars, glitter glue, etc.

They could give them to family members, classmates, teachers, etc., use them on packages, hang them on the big tree, or use them as place cards at the dining table.

Be creative. You are the designer. Have fun making your Christmas Tree napkins!

It just makes sense!

Happy Holidays!

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

© 2005 Marian Lewis - All Rights Reserved

1st Step To Sewing Success

Make Christmas Tree Napkins, Name Tags, And Ornaments Whether You Sew Or Not!

Marian Lewis is a sewing instructor and the creator of an amazing new fitting method for hard-to-fit sewing folks.

In her ebook, "Common Sense Fitting Method For Hard-To-Fit Sewing Folks Who Want Great Fitting Skirts And Pants", find out step-by-step WHAT you really need, WHERE you really need it and HOW to apply that to a commercial sewing pattern.

For more information, go to: => http://www.1ststeptosewingsuccess.com/fitting.html

Marian is also the author of other eBooks related to sewing including, "Sew A Tee Pee And Accessories For Your Tribe Of Kids" where she teaches basic sewing techniques while you have fun doing it!

To learn more, go to: => http://www.1ststeptosewingsuccess.com/sewing.html

To discover sewing and fitting secrets to achieve sewing success, follow the link: => http://www.1ststeptosewingsuccess.com

Famous Interior Designers and Their Styles in Interior Design - Part 1

Introduction

This series of 4 articles takes a brief but informative look at 21 of the most famous and Interior Designers, from the earliest pioneers right through to the most celebrated modern day designers.

Interior

The Pioneers of Interior Design

Jean-Henri Jansen (1854-1928)

Dutch designer, Jean-Henri Jansen, launched one of the first ever international interior design companies 'Maison Jansen' (House of Jansen) in 1880, which became renowned for designing and creating exceptionally beautiful and high quality furniture which would be utilized in a multitude of interior decoration projects. House of Jansen opened branches in 8 of the major cities of the world. Jansen worked closely with the talented interior designer Stephane Boudin whom he made director of the company. The clients of House of Jansen included Royalty and the rich and famous.

Elsie de Wolfe (1865-1950)

The first lady of interior decoration, Elsie de Wolfe considered herself an 'ugly child'. This Victorian stage actress was a rebel of her times and was credited by many to be the inventor of the modern profession of interior design, even though there were already established interior designers in her time. Elsie disliked Victorian tastes altogether, her designs were therefore generally made up of light and bright colors, contrary to the drab and gloomy Victorian décor coupled with unnecessary excesses such as heavy velvet draperies. This was a pioneering departure from the contemporary designs of the time. Elsie's influence continues to be felt in the modern world of interior design.

Ogden Codman (1863-1951)

American interior decorator and architect, Ogden Codman spent his childhood in his birthplace of Boston before heading to France in his youth for a period of time. Codman had two uncles who influenced him tremendously - architect John Hubbard and decorator Richard Ogden. Some of Ogden Codman's works include Edith Wharton's Newport home, Land's End, the Rockefeller family estate of New York client John D. Rockefeller, Jr. and the Newport summer home of Cornelius Vanderbilt II. Along with novelist Edith Wharton, Codman co-authored a guidepost of American interior design, 'The Decoration of Houses' in 1897.

Frances Elkins (1888-1953)

Born in Milwaukee, Frances Adler Elkins was one of the most prominent interior decorator and designer of the previous century. Sister of the famed Chicago architect David Adler, Elkins was known for her futuristic designs that brought together different styles and elements from various periods. They included country French styles, chinoiserie and art deco. The furnishings featured in her designs included designers such as Jean-Michel Frank and Alberto Giacometti. The career of Elkins that spanned over three decades is glittered with many high profile commissions in Hawaii, the Midwest and northern and southern California, none more interesting than the restoration of the 1830s structure, Casa Amesti in Monterrey, California.

Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959)

Frank Lloyd Wright was an interior designer and architect whose career included more than 1000 projects, 500 of them that have been complete. Wright was known for his promotion of organic architecture, an example of which is Fallingwater. The Robie House is an example of Wright's leadership of the Prairie School architectural movement, while the Rosenbaum House depicts Wright's Usonian home concept. Wright also had refreshing ideas for every kind of building, be it church, office, school, hotel or museum. Along with excellent architectural renderings, Wright also designed much of the interiors of his buildings including the Décor, layout and furniture.

Famous Interior Designers and Their Styles in Interior Design - Part 1

In Part 2 of this article - which can be accessed through the 'Article Source' link below - we take a look at the early interior designers including Fritz August Breuhaus, Stephan Bouldin, Emilio Terry and Dorothy Draper.

One of the cornerstones of many great interior designs is the choice of art. Paintings in particular are often sourced by modern designers to complement the rest of the the design scheme. The popularity of art has increased considerably in the UK over the last decade, not only the number art enthusiasts increased but also the number of artists at all levels; from hobbyists right through to professionals. For those artists, ABC Art supplies provide Blank Canvas and Canvas Boards which are durable, long lasting and suitable to be used for art produced for use as part of an interior design scheme.

How to Build a Bar

A bar is a significant home area especially for wine enthusiasts. If you are keeping a collection and you want to build a space in your house to store and display your wines in style, you must pay serious attention in this article on how to build a bar.

How to build a bar project should start by defining a place in your house that you think it would be best located. While a bar does not require a specific space or room to be in, you must be careful in choosing the perfect spot. Of course, you would like a space that will allow you to entertain your guests, give you a relaxing 'you' moment, and have enough room to carry all the items that you wish to put into your bar.

\"home Design\"

After finding the perfect place, it is time for you to choose and purchase the materials that you will need and learn the ropes of how to build a bar. If you do not have the money to spend on built-in bars that can be bought in home design stores, you must be keen on learning how to build a bar. Unlike the common impression, building a bar is not that difficult. You just need to remember a couple of things:

Tip #1: How to build a bar perfectly requires serious attention to detail. Be precise with the measurements. It is advisable that you keep a construction plan at hand while you are building your br. This will serve as your guide in putting things together the most stylish way possible, with lots of considerations to comfort and convenience.

Tip #2: Make an assessment of the items or appliances that you would need to put into your bar area. A wine refrigerator is of course, a must, especially if you are keen on keeping your wine collection at their best even after a long while. Shelves for your other collection of alcoholic beverages as well as bar stools and wine glasses are also required.

Tip #3: Make sure that your bar design does not destroy or spoil your household theme. Wherever you may be putting the bar area, it is important that you mind the design details. It can be different from the other home areas but definitely not damaging to the ongoing theme.

Tip #4: Never forget a smooth finish. The finishing touches to your bar is an integral part of its overall appeal.

How to Build a Bar

Please click these links if you want to know more about how to build a bar or how to build a bar in general.

Shop For Home Decorative Items

Selecting the right home decorative items can make your dream of a beautiful home come true. With endless choices available in home accessories, you need to have a plan before you set out decorating your home.

Choosing Your Style

Decorative

There is tremendous variety, designs, styles, and colors available in home decorative items. You can get overwhelmed with the choices. Therefore, before you get started, you need to pay heed to some important factors.

* Decide on a theme: You can select your home décor by looking around at your friends and families homes and reading interior design magazines. You can get ideas from television shows that focus on interior design or from any hotel that you may visit. Nature and travel can be inspirational as well to decide on the style you wish to display in your home.
* Focal point: Each room has a focal point. Based on that you can add home decorative items that go with the flow of the room. The focal point could be a window, wall, or an adjoining terrace.
* Personalize your space: Home decoration should be a reflection of your personality, taste, and style. You should feel a sense of belonging and warmth. Therefore, choose the adornments that make you and your loved ones feel welcome.
* Don't ignore any areas: Home decorative accents can be added to areas such as staircases, corridors, and corners to accentuate the space and highlight areas. You can buy home décor items even for your bathroom and kitchen to make it attractive and pleasing. These areas of your home can look attractive if you add unique home décor items. Each area of your home is important.
* Add an extra touch: You can add plants in decorative pots, fresh flowers in a beautiful vase, or a beautiful decorative fountain, which will draw attention to a particular space in a room.
* Furniture: Home furniture should be chosen with extreme care in terms of space, budget, color schemes, comfort, and style. You need to decide whether you want a contemporary, rustic, classic, or artsy look.
* Budget: Before you go shopping for decorating your home, you have to decide on your budget and how much you can afford to spend. If you plan well, you will not go overboard and get the best beautiful home decorative items to enhance your home.

It is very easy to go overboard when you visit a beautiful home décor store. With the range of exquisitely beautiful objects that are available, you can get overwhelmed with the choice. Practical considerations such as space, theme, and price should be kept in mind when you go shopping for your home.

There are leading online stores where you can select beautiful home decorative items for your home at cost-effective prices. These stores have a wide and extensive choice of unique home décor items which range from furniture for each room of your home, wall décor, lamps, kitchen and bathroom items, and various other products. You may find exactly what you are looking for at the online stores as these have extensive range of items.

Shop For Home Decorative Items

Visit http://www.homedecorativeitems.com to shop for home decorative items and unique home décor.